Local Laws in Turkey

Turkey local laws are primarily based on a civil law system, heavily influenced by the Swiss and German legal systems. The legal framework in Turkey is established through a combination of statutes, regulations, and judicial precedents. The country has a written constitution that sets out the fundamental principles and rights of Turkish citizens.

The judicial system in Turkey is independent and operates under a hierarchical structure. It consists of various types of courts, including civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional courts. The highest judicial authority in Turkey is the Constitutional Court, which has the power to review the constitutionality of laws and regulations. The Court of Cassation serves as the highest court of appeal for civil and criminal cases.

As a traveler, you should be acquainted with the aspects of local law that can impact and affect you, including drinking laws, import restrictions, and where it’s illegal to take photos. Here are some local laws relevant to foreign travelers in Turkey, as well as how to seek help if you run into trouble with little or no warning.

You are allowed to bring up to €10,000, or the equivalent in other currencies, into Turkey without having to declare. If you are carrying an amount exceeding this limit, you are required to declare it at customs.

Foreign travelers visiting Turkey are generally required to have a valid visa and a valid passport with one blank page for entry and exit stamps. There are exceptions for certain nationalities that have visa-free agreements with Turkey, allowing them to enter for tourism or business purposes without a visa for a limited period of time. It is necessary to carry both your passport and visa on your person while you are visiting, as you may be asked to present them to Turkish authorities when required.

There are regulations regarding what you can and can’t bring in or out of Turkey, so check the latest customs regulations to ensure compliance. Certain items, such as firearms, illegal drugs, and counterfeit goods, are strictly prohibited. Restrictions also apply to items such as cultural artifacts, endangered species, and certain food products. It is advisable to avoid bringing any prohibited or restricted items to avoid complications at customs.

There are certain places where it may be illegal or insensitive to photograph or record videos. These include restricted or off-limits areas, such as military installations, government buildings, and airports. It is important to respect privacy and security regulations.

Additionally, it is advised to be respectful when taking photographs or videos at religious sites, temples, or during cultural practices, like funerals. Always follow any signage or instructions provided at such locations.

Turkey is home to various Indigenous populations, and there are important Indigenous sites across the country. Specific information about Indigenous sites and their regulations can vary, so research and respect the rules and customs of these sites and seek permission when necessary to visit or photograph them.

The legal drinking age across the Turkish nation is 18 years old. Consuming alcoholic beverages in public is generally allowed, although public intoxication and disorderly behavior on public transport are not tolerated. Consume alcohol responsibly and be mindful of local customs and regulations.

Smoking is prohibited in enclosed public places and on public transportation in Turkey. Some cities and municipalities have further restrictions on smoking in outdoor areas. Be aware of designated smoking areas and follow the regulations regarding smoking.

The possession, use, and trafficking of illegal drugs are all strictly prohibited in Turkey. Penalties for drug-related offenses are severe and can result in lengthy prison sentences. It is essential to refrain from any involvement with illegal drugs and comply with the laws and regulations of the country.

Foreign travelers can drive in Turkey using a valid international driving permit or a recognized national driving license. It is important to have valid insurance coverage, be aware of local driving customs, and adhere to traffic rules, including speed limits and seatbelt usage.

While women in Turkey have legal rights and protections, it’s important to note that cultural and societal norms can vary. It is advisable for women to exercise caution, be aware of their surroundings, and follow general safety guidelines to ensure their well-being in crowded places and rural areas alike.

While homosexuality is legal in Turkey, attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community can vary. Public displays of affection may be met with disapproval or even hostility in certain areas. LGBTQ+ travelers are advised to exercise discretion, be mindful of local customs, and consider the risk to their safety when traveling.

Turkey is home to diverse wildlife and natural areas. It is important to respect wildlife and follow regulations and guidelines for animal conservation. Avoid disturbing or feeding wildlife, and adhere to any restrictions or guidelines at national parks or protected areas.

Public displays of affection, including kissing and embracing, are generally acceptable but may draw attention or unwanted comments, particularly from foreigners or in more conservative areas. Exercise discretion and be mindful of local customs and sensitivities.

Turkey is a predominantly Muslim country with a mix of cultural influences. While there are no strict dress codes for tourists, it is advisable to dress modestly and respectfully, especially when visiting religious sites or conservative areas. Cover shoulders and knees, and wear appropriate attire in mosques and other religious places.

Depending on the offense, breaking the law in Turkey could result in fines, imprisonment, deportation, or being blacklisted and banned from ever returning to the country. Minor offenses, like littering or traffic violations, usually only result in a fine. But bigger offenses could lead to being arrested and imprisoned.

If you’re arrested and imprisoned in Turkey, let your country’s embassy or consulate know immediately, and seek legal assistance from a reputable law firm or lawyer. They can guide you on what to do next.

Turkey’s extraterritorial jurisdiction laws allow Turkish authorities to exercise jurisdiction over certain offenses committed by Turkish nationals abroad. The application of extraterritorial jurisdiction laws to foreign visitors is less clear and can vary depending on the specific circumstances and the nature of the offense.

An extradition treaty does exist between Turkey and the United States. The treaty provides a legal framework for the extradition of individuals who are accused or convicted of crimes and are located in the respective territories of Turkey and the US. Extradition requests are typically processed through diplomatic channels and are subject to the provisions of the treaty as well as any applicable domestic laws and procedures in each country.

Doing your research before traveling helps you avoid issues and be prepared in case of an emergency. For more information on other aspects of travel to Turkey, including travel restrictions, travel requirements, and cultural customs, visit our Turkey content hub.

Obtaining a visa is an essential part of planning your trip. At Entriva, we can easily and efficiently help you with every aspect of getting a Turkey visa. Start your visa application process.